Diagnostic Efficacy of Multiparametric MRI and VI-RADS in Staging Bladder Carcinoma: A Systematic Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7492/cc5rj719Keywords:
Bladder Cancer, Multiparametric MRI (mpMRI), VI-RADS, Muscle Infiltration, Systematic Review, T2-Weighted Imaging, Diffusion-Weighted ImagingAbstract
Background: Bladder cancer poses a major worldwide health issue, marked by elevated recurrence rates and the potential advancement to muscle-invasive illness.
The key element in defining the treatment approach—spanning from organ-preserving transurethral resection to radical cystectomy—is the precise preoperative
staging of the tumor. Specifically, distinguishing between Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer (NMIBC) and Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer (MIBC) continues
to be a clinical focus. Although Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumor (TURBT) remains the conventional gold standard, its diagnostic accuracy can frequently
be affected by specimen fragmentation and cautery artifacts, resulting in possible under-staging. As a result, there exists an immediate clinical demand for noninvasive, standardized imaging methods that can reliably forecast detrusor muscle invasion.
