Bioactivity-Guided Isolation and Pharmacological Evaluation of Selected Medicinal Plants from Nizamabad District, Telangana, India.

Abstract

The Nizamabad district of Telangana, India, possesses a rich ethnomedicinal heritage, with traditional healers utilizing numerous indigenous plants for treating diverse ailments. This study scientifically validates the pharmacological potential of seven regionally significant species— Gymnema sylvestre, Adhatoda vasica, Cassia fistula, Azadirachta indica, Tinospora cordifolia, Phyllanthus amarus, and Withania somnifera. A bioactivity-guided isolation strategy was employed to identify the active phytoconstituents responsible for therapeutic effects. Extracts from selected plant parts underwent sequential solvent extraction, phytochemical screening, chromatographic purification, and spectroscopic characterization (UV– Vis, FTIR, and GC–MS). The in-vitro pharmacological evaluation included antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti- inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and antidiabetic assays. The findings integrate traditional ethnobotanical wisdom with modern pharmacological validation, emphasizing the therapeutic and biochemical significance of Telangana’s native flora. This research provides a foundation for discovering novel bioactive compounds and supports sustainable utilization of regional medicinal resources.