DIGITAL ENGAGEMENT WITH MIGRANTS: A CROSS-BORDER COMPARISON OF MOBILE APPLICATIONS AND E-SERVICES

Abstract

This study examines how migration policies have been reshaped by digitalization and the role of mobile applications and online services in the three fundamental stages of migration: regulation, protection, and integration. The case of Turkey is examined in comparison with European countries such as France, Germany, and Poland; the impact of digital services on integration policies is analyzed. Findings reveal that Turkey offers comprehensive digital platforms not only for administrative procedures but also in areas such as social assistance, education, health, and access to rights. The systems developed by Turkey in collaboration with public institutions and NGOs (GöçNet, YİMER-157, Live in Türkiye, Kızılaykart, etc.) exhibit a multi-actor structure, while European countries focus more on guidance and regional integration. In conclusion, Turkey's digital migration policies are considered to be more advanced and comprehensive than European examples in terms of scope, diversity, and depth of implementation.