CYTOTOXIC EFFECT OF TiO2 NANOPARTICLES BASED DENTAL VARNISH AGAINST HUMAN GINGIVAL FIBROBLAST CELL LINE

Abstract

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Fluoride varnishes are placed on the surface of the teeth and may consequently come into contact with adjacent gingival tissues. Nanoparticles NPs have a greater surface to volume ratio per unit mass and therefore they are more reactive as predicted from the laws of quantum physics. Thus nanotechnology holds promise for a broad variety of new biological biomedical and biochemical applications. Here is a concise summary of the materials and methods. Human gingival fibroblast primary cells were isolated from healthy periodontal tissue and cultured in DMEM F 12 media under standard incubator conditions. The cells were treated with Ginger and Rosemary TiO2 nanoparticles to evaluate cytotoxicity using an MTT assay with cell viability calculated via absorbance at 570 nm. Morphological changes and live cell imaging were subsequently analyzed using inverted phase contrast and fluorescence microscopy via acridine orange staining. The MTT assay showed 100 percent cell viability at concentrations up to 20 ul ml which gradually decreased to 80 percent at 50 ul ml. While phase contrast microscopy revealed more distinct cell morphology in the control group compared to the 20 ul ml nanoparticle treated group fluorescence imaging via acridine orange staining demonstrated a significantly higher cell count in the treated group than in the control. Our findings contribute to the need to understand the biological effects of fluoride varnishes on human gingival fibroblasts and highlight the need for further research in this area. It is important to continue investigating cytotoxicity and adverse effects of fluoride varnish to ensure safety and optimal use in dental care particularly for gingival fibroblasts. The application of fluoride compounds has the potential to influence the healing process either by accelerating or slowing it down. When fluoride varnish is applied to the tooth surface the nearby gingival tissue is quite likely to come into direct contact with it. To ensure compatibility with living tissues it is important that materials have no cytotoxic effect. In our present study the cytotoxic effect of ginger rosemary extract TiO2 20 ul ml was evaluated.