From Institutional Support to Digital Ecosystem: A Comparative Analysis of India's Entrepreneurship Policies

Abstract

Entrepreneurship is vital for India's economic growth, job creation, and innovation. The government has introduced several policies to support entrepreneurs, including the MSME Policy, the Digital India Mission, the Skill India Mission, and the PM-MUDRA Yojana. This paper reviews and compares these four policies to understand how India's approach to supporting entrepreneurship has changed over time. The study uses secondary data from government reports, policy documents, and research papers. It compares the policies based on their goals, target groups, tools, agencies, and underlying ideas. The findings show that India’s entrepreneurship policies have evolved from traditional support for small businesses to digital tools, skill development, and financial help for micro-entrepreneurs. While these policies work together to support entrepreneurs, there are still gaps, especially in rural outreach, digital literacy, and linking skills with finance and technology. This study provides simple insights for policymakers and researchers to make India’s entrepreneurship ecosystem more effective, inclusive, and supportive for all.