Modern Silo for Grain Management: A Critical Imperative for Sustainable Food Security Ecosystem.

Abstract

Food security is always worldwide major concern, and the consequences of food insecurity have harmful effects. About 10% of food is lost after harvesting due to poor storage, pests, rodents, and microorganisms. Reducing these losses is a sustainable solution to reduce loads on natural assets, get rid of famine, and improve livelihoods. In world, more than 2.3 billion tons of grains are produced on annual basis. But factors like the pandemic, natural calamities and wars have significant effects on food security and grain production. Effective management and monitoring can enhance stored grains life. This review discusses current issues, potential challenges, and future perspectives related to grain storage. It explores modern silos to extend the shelf life of grains, enhance food security, support farmers, and protect ecosystems. The article also examines the techno-commercial aspects, providing insights for policymakers on the feasibility and viability of future projects. Gaps in the current literature are highlighted, suggesting areas for further research. Recommendations are pointed out for future developments in automation, Internet of Things (IoT), and artificial intelligence.