Motivational Drivers and Their Effect on the Well-Being of Allied Health Professionals: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Background: AHPs have a key role in multidisciplinary healthcare provision but may experience a range of issues that influence motivation and well-being. Workplace satisfaction and retention are crucial to survival, and understanding motivation and its role in both psychological and professional outcomes is essential.

Objective: To search for and synthesise evidence on motivational determinants and their impact on the well-being of AHPs, in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 Statement.

Methods: Electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, PsycINFO) were searched (2000-2025) for peer-reviewed studies that investigated motivation and well-being in AHPs, specifically physiotherapists, occupational therapists, dietitians, radiographers, and speech-language pathologists. Data extraction, critical appraisal, and thematic synthesis were performed.

Results: Thirty studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Motivators were organised into five categories: intrinsic motivation (autonomy, professional growth, meaningful work), extrinsic motivation (financial incentive, recognition), altruistic/values-based motivation, social/collegial support, and organisational/structural motivators. Intrinsic and prosocial motivations were consistently associated with greater well-being, whereas financial incentives alone had mixed effects. The support from colleagues protected against stress and burnout, and was particularly driven by their organisation’s leadership engagement.

Conclusions: AHP well-being is significantly influenced by motivational drivers. Long-term approaches that complement intrinsic motivation, recognition, and organisational culture may help alleviate burnout and improve retention. This paper identified priority areas for policy, workforce planning, and future intervention research.