THE IMPACT OF MODERN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ON AGRICULTURAL TOOLS USED IN ASSAM

Abstract

Assam has a long tradition in the field of agriculture. This tradition is not limited merely to food production as a basic need; it extends deeply into the folk life of Assam. Folk society regards agriculture with great respect, and everything associated with it occupies a position of significance in society. Cattle, ploughs (nangal), yokes (yuvali), and related implements are considered valuable assets of this agriculture-centred society. Likewise, various tools are employed in the cultivation and maintenance of crops. Different types of implements such as biriya, tamal, and kachi (sickle) are used for harvesting paddy. Numerous tools have traditionally been used since ancient times in subsequent operations such as threshing paddy (dhan mora) and husking paddy (dhan bana). These may be collectively termed traditional technology. However, from the latter part of the twentieth century, the rapid proliferation of science and technology across India has significantly influenced the agricultural sector. The use of modern agricultural implements began to replace their traditional counterparts. None of these modern tools were invented by Assamese scientists, and therefore they share no emotional bond with Assamese folk culture. On the other hand, the adoption of such modern implements is essential for increasing agricultural productivity. Against this backdrop, the purpose of this research paper is to examine how Assamese folk culture has been affected by this transition. The paper also investigates whether Assamese society has succeeded in transmitting folk culture into the modern era while maintaining a balance between change and tradition.