CHARACTERISATION OF HYDROXYAPATITE SYNTHESISED BY HYDROTHERMAL METHOD FOR SOCKET PRESERVATION IN DENTAL IMPLANT SITES - AN IN VITRO STUDY

Abstract

Introduction: Hydroxyapatite (HA) is a biocompatible and bioactive material that closely resembles the mineral component of human bone. One of the key advantages of the hydrothermal synthesis method is the high degree of crystallinity that it imparts to HA. The crystalline structure of HA is crucial for its mechanical strength and its ability to interact with surrounding tissues. The aim of this study is to synthesise hydroxyapatite by hydrothermal method for regenerative application as socket preservation material for dental implants. Materials and methods: The hydrothermal synthesis method for hydroxyapatite involves the reaction of calcium and phosphate sources in a sealed vessel under high temperature and pressure, facilitating the crystallization of hydroxyapatite. X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was done to confirm its phase, morphology, and functional groups. Blood compatibility of the material was also checked.  Results: FTIR graph highlights characteristic absorption peaks of hydroxyapatite, particularly in the 1000-1100 cm" range for phosphate (PO.3-) groups. We found that the 5-hour synthesized hydroxyapatite has better blood compatibility than the 2-hour sample. Conclusion: The synthesised hydroxyapatite by hydrothermal method demonstrated good biocompatibility and the characterization was done and confirmed by FTIR and XRD methods. Hence, this material can be used as a socket preservation material for dental implant sites.