INDUSTRY 4.0 ADOPTION IN MECHANICAL MANUFACTURING: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

This article evaluates the current state of Industry 4.0 adoption in mechanical manufacturing through an analysis of 20 recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses published between 2014 and 2024. The purpose of this study is to identify the major digital technologies driving transformation, assess their impact on manufacturing performance, and highlight key research gaps within the mechanical engineering sector. Industry 4.0 is based on the integration of technologies such as the Industrial Internet of Things, cyber-physical systems, artificial intelligence, machine learning, big data analytics, cloud manufacturing, digital twins, robotics, additive manufacturing, blockchain, and cybersecurity.

The reviewed studies show the significance ofproductivity, flexibility, and efficiency, while also supporting sustainable manufacturing through better energy and resource management. Real-time data exchange and intelligent automation enable manufacturers to improve decision-making and operational control. However, adoption levels differ widely across firms and regions. Large enterprises and companies in developed economies show higher implementation rates, whereas small and medium-sized enterprises face greater challenges.