Evaluate the Effect of Sewage Water on Soil Properties, Heavy Metal Contamination in Plant and Livestock Blood Serum

Abstract

Present investigation was carried out on “to evaluate the effect of sewage water on soil properties, heavy metal contamination in plant and livestock blood serum” For conducting the experiment representative soil, fodder, blood serum and water samples were collected from sewage drainage near Cattle Cross Breeding Project located in Parbhani district of Marathwada region during the year 2019-2020 to determine the heavy metal content and its contamination on soil nutrient status and plants. Forty representative GPS based soil samples were collected from the selected field from 0-30 cm depth depending upon the area in Kharif and Rabi season for estimation of nutrients in order to know the heavy metals and soil nutrient contents. The soil and fodder samples were collected from the field in vicinity of sewage drainage. The physicochemical properties of survey area were found to be slightly alkaline in reaction, safe in soluble salt concentration, low too high in organic carbon content, slightly calcareous in nature. The pH, EC and organic carbon of soil samples were observed more in Rabi season than in Kharif season. DTPA extractable heavy metals of survey area viz. lead (Pb), nickel(Ni) and cobalt(Co) had shown significance of sewage water in Rabi season as compared to Kharif  season, the levels of heavy metals in studied soil was found below the various maximum permissible limit and safe except cadmium (Cd) shows more concentration than critical limit. Total heavy metal content in soil samples were also found below than critical limit and safe except cobalt, Cadmium and Mercury. The total heavy metals in fodder samples in Kharif and Rabi season grown in vicinity of sewage water shows maximum. Total heavy metal content of fodder samples were also found below critical limit and safe. Heavy metal content in blood serum of cattle, such as cobalt, nickel, cadmium, lead, aesenic, mercury and selenium were recorded more in Rabi season as compared to Kharif season.  Blood serum sample of cattle found sufficient in copper, zinc and manganese deficient in iron. In sewage water pH was near about neutral.