Impact of Human Resource Practices on Faculty Retention and Job Satisfaction in Private Higher Education Institutions

Abstract

Human Resource (HR) practices are critical determinants of faculty retention and job satisfaction in private higher education institutions. This study, based on secondary data, examines the key challenges in the implementation of HR practices in private colleges, with particular emphasis on high faculty attrition, inadequate professional development, and limited career advancement opportunities. The study further assesses the impact of existing HR practices on teacher retention and overall job satisfaction. Secondary data were collected from peer-reviewed journal articles, government reports, policy documents, and institutional publications related to HR management and higher education. A systematic review and analytical synthesis of the literature reveal that ineffective HR frameworks, lack of continuous training mechanisms, and absence of transparent appraisal and promotion systems significantly contribute to faculty dissatisfaction and turnover. The findings also indicate a positive relationship between structured HR practices and improved teacher retention and job satisfaction. The study highlights the need for evidence-based HR policy reforms and strategic human resource planning in private colleges to enhance faculty engagement, reduce attrition, and improve institutional effectiveness.