Aldoses reductase and protein glycation inhibitory activity of papaya leaf and green tea mediated Silver nanoparticles

Abstract

Introduction: Aldose reductase is the rate-limiting enzyme of the polyol pathway. AR catalyzes the conversion of glucose to sorbitol and further converts sorbitol into fructose. AR inhibitors are involved in the pathophysiology of diabetic complications, including cataracts.Glycation is a nonenzymatic browning reaction caused by an amino-carbonyl reaction between a reducing sugar and an amino group of a protein or lipid. The nonenzymatic reaction leads to chemical modifications of tissue proteins, called advanced glycation end products, resulting in functional disturbances of the proteins.Carica papaya also simply known as papaya or pawpaw,Papaya leaf contains unique plant compounds that have demonstrated broad pharmacological potential in test-tube and animal studies.

Aim: Aldoses reductase and protein glycation inhibitory activity of papaya leaf and green tea mediated Ag NPS

Materials and methods: Advanced Glycation end product (AGE) assay

1 mg/mL bovine serum albumin in 50mM sodium phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) and 0.02% sodium benzoate into 0.2M fructose and 0.2M glucose. The reaction mixture (2.75mL) was treated with different volumes PL-GT-Ag nanoparticles. Amino guanidine was used as positive control. After incubating at 37°C for 3 days, the fluorescence intensity of the reaction was determined at 350 nm and 450 nm, using Biotek synergy multi-mode reader. The percentage activity was calculated with respect to solvent control. Determination of Aldose Reductase Inhibition

A total of 531μL of 0.1 M potassium buffer (pH 7.0), 90μL of NADPH solution , 90μL of recombinant human aldose reductase (6.5U/mg) , 90μL of ammonium sulfate solution, and 90 μL of DL-glyceraldehyde were mixed with 9μL of different concentrations of PL-GT-Ag nanoparticles in a cuvette, and the activity of AR was assessed spectrophotometrically by measuring the decrease in NADPH absorbance at 340 nm for 3 min using a spectrophotometer

Result and discussion:The synthesis of silver nanoparticles using plant extracts is used in anti-parasitic, anti-malarial, bactericidal, fungicidal, and antiviral activity.the formation of AgNPs was confirmed by observing the color change of the reaction mixture. Within 15 min of the exposure of the C. papaya extract, the color of silver nitrate (AgNO3) solution changed from transparent to a dark brown color which is a primary indication of AgNPs production. The presence of different compounds in the extract has shown that the plant leaves possess high potential aldose reductase inhibition

Conclusion: In this study, a simple, biological and low-cost approach was done for the preparation of Silver nanoparticles using papaya leaf and green tea extract. Thus papaya leaf and green tea mediated silver nanoparticles can be subjected to the various other biological activities such as antibacterial, antifungal, cytotoxic evaluation to know the efficiency of these nanoparticles.