To Investigate the Effects of Replacing Cement with Fly Ash (FA) and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) on Mechanical Properties

Abstract

Concrete remains one of the most widely used construction materials due to its adaptability and suitability for various structural applications. However,
its performance can deteriorate when subjected to aggressive environmental conditions, making enhanced durability a crucial requirement. In regions containing
dense reinforcement, conventional concrete may experience segregation or obstruction while flowing through narrow spaces, resulting in weak internal bonding
and compromised structural integrity. Self-compacting concrete (SCC) has emerged as a practical solution to these limitations, as it possesses the ability to flow
and settle under its own weight without external vibration. Previous research has shown that the use of mineral admixtures such as fly ash (FA) and ground
granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) in low-fines self-compacting concrete (LFSCC) can effectively produce mixes with strengths ranging from 20 to 30 MPa.
The addition of FA and GGBS improves the fresh-state flow behavior of SCC and contributes to enhanced mechanical performance after hardening. Furthermore,
the partial replacement of cement with these supplementary cementitious materials significantly increases the durability of LFSCC by refining pore structure and
reducing permeability.