CLINICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF INFLAMMATORY GROWTH IN DENTAL PATIENT - A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY

Abstract

Inflammatory lesions of the oral mucosa encompass a wide clinical spectrum ranging from chronic irritations to systemic manifestations and therefore require careful integration of clinical and histopathological findings for successful management. This retrospective study aims to fill existing gaps in the literature by comprehensively summarizing these lesions beyond the individual analysis of lesion types. It investigates the effect of demographic factors clinical features and risk factors on the incidence and presentation of inflammatory growths and evaluates treatment efficacy and recurrence rates across a wide range of inflammatory lesions to improve diagnostic accuracy guide therapeutic strategies and contribute to proactive oral health management and improved patient outcomes.

The clinical and histological records of patients between the ages of 19 and 25 who were diagnosed with oral inflammatory growths between January and June 2024 were examined in this retrospective study. To ensure uniformity information about lesion characteristics histopathological findings and demographics was obtained from electronic health records using a standardized form. In this young adult population the methodological framework provides a solid foundation for linking clinical presentations with histopathological outcomes. Statistical analysis was conducted using descriptive and comparative methods to identify significant relationships between variables with a significance threshold of p less than 0.05.

In this study pyogenic granulomas and peripheral giant cell granulomas were found to be the most common inflammatory lesions in young adults with a gender neutral distribution and a tendency to occur in the anterior oral cavity. Although surgical excision showed low recurrence rates the presence of atypical histopathological features indicates the need for interdisciplinary collaboration between clinicians and pathologists to confirm diagnosis. Early detection and targeted management are essential to maximize long term dental outcomes and quality of life in young adults.

Despite limitations related to its retrospective design and restricted age focus this study lays the groundwork for more comprehensive prospective research. Future studies involving larger populations and longer follow up periods are necessary to accurately assess long term outcomes. Furthermore investigating biological mechanisms and advances in interdisciplinary diagnostics will be crucial for developing focused and comprehensive approaches to the management of oral inflammatory growths.