Estimation of golden divine ratio in extracted human maxillary and mandibular premolars in Tamil population

Abstract

The golden divine ratio also known as phi Φ has a long history of fascinating mathematicians artists architects and philosophers. It comes from the Fibonacci sequence in which every number equals the sum of the two numbers before it 0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 and so on and its value is approximately 1.6180339887. The ratio of successive numbers approaches the golden ratio as the sequence progresses. The importance of this ratio lies in its manifestation in nature art and design. A total of 75 premolars from both the maxilla and mandible were selected for the study. Crown length root length and total length were measured using a digital Themisto TH M61 vernier caliper and recorded. The golden ratio for teeth was calculated as Root length plus Crown length divided by Root length equals Root length divided by Crown length equals phi 1.618. The maxillary and mandibular first and second premolars were found to follow the golden divine ratio with mild deviation. Based on the findings it is concluded that maxillary and mandibular first and second premolars followed the golden divine ratio.