Blockchain and Ethics in Pharmaceutical Supply Chains: An Analytical Essay on the Moroccan Context

Abstract

Pharmaceutical supply chains are increasingly challenged by issues of traceability, transparency, and ethical compliance. These challenges are particularly
critical in the context of emerging economies such as Morocco, where access to safe and authentic medicines remains a public health priority. Blockchain
technology has recently emerged as a promising solution to address these concerns. This study aims to analyze how blockchain could be applied in the Moroccan
pharmaceutical sector to improve drug traceability, combat counterfeit products, and reinforce ethical standards in supply chain management.
This research adopts a qualitative approach based on semi-structured interviews conducted with healthcare professionals, logistics managers, and stakeholders
in the Moroccan pharmaceutical industry. The study seeks to explore their expectations, experiences, and perceptions regarding blockchain technology. Special
attention is given to its potential for promoting equitable access to medicines, enhancing patient safety, and increasing accountability among actors involved in
the supply chain.Preliminary findings suggest that blockchain can play a key role in securing pharmaceutical information and ensuring greater transparency in
drug distribution flows. Participants highlighted benefits such as improved monitoring, prevention of counterfeits, and ethical compliance. Nevertheless, significant
barriers remain, including the lack of digital infrastructure, weak legal frameworks, and limited adoption readiness among professionals.
Blockchain holds considerable potential for transforming pharmaceutical logistics in Morocco, particularly by strengthening ethical governance and transparency.
However, its successful integration requires addressing structural and organizational challenges. These findings emphasize the importance of a coordinated
national strategy and open up new avenues for future research on ethical innovation in healthcare supply chains in emerging economies.