EFFICIENT ENERGY MANAGEMENT IN DC MICROGRIDS USING A HYBRID BATTERY–SUPERCAPACITOR STORAGE SYSTEM

Abstract

As renewable energy sources have grown considerably in recent years, efficient storage of this type of energy and intelligent management of the power system in DC microgrids has become a hot topic. Battery-based energy storage systems suffer from their limited life cycle, sluggish responses to fluctuating loads and low efficiency. The proposed next-generation Hybrid Energy Storage System (HESS) via a cascaded multiport converter is designed to surmount these impediments for their amalgamation in an array of DC microgrid applications. This work proposes a solar photovoltaic source, battery, and supercapacitor system for reliable and efficient energy management. Dynamic control strategy of power-sharing among multiple energy sources based on microcontrollers according to load and system situation. The supercapacitor quickly responds to sudden loads while the battery supports stable long-term energy output. This cascaded multiport converters enhance power conversion efficiency, and can provide effective coordination among various energy storage parts. Voltage and current sensors measure system parameters continuously to maintain safe operation under normal conditions. The solution provides better energy efficiency, lowered battery stress, higher system reliability and enables seamless integration of renewable energy sources in DC microgrids. These results demonstrate that the system provides a scalable and low-cost solution for next generation smart grid and distributed energy applications.