Patient‐Specific Dynamic Digital-Physical Twin for Coronary Intervention Training: A Mixed Reality Approach
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7492/x9v7vp07Keywords:
Mixed Reality (MR), Digital-Physical Twin, Patient-Specific Simulation, Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Training, Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI), Computational Modeling, Haptic Simulation, Cardiovascular Education, Hemodynamic Simulation, Interventional Cardiology TrainingAbstract
Background: Traditional coronary intervention training systems have low anatomical reality and no dynamic physiological feedback.
Mixed reality (MR) technologies along with patient-derived computational modeling have the prospect to provide significantly
personalized and interactive training setting. This research paper outlines an interactive design of a patient-controlled digital-physical
twin will be developed and evaluated to aid in training procedures of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
Methods: Coronary CT and angiographic data were utilized to create customized 3D vascular geometries that were incorporated into a
computational model based on physics that predicted blood flow, vessel compliance and hemodynamic response. Haptic enabled catheter
interface was a simulated tactual force observed during PCI. The physical movement of catheters in real-time to act as two way digital
simulation and the opposite were made possible by real-time, two-way synchronization. Standardized PCI tasks were done using digitalphysical twin and conventional simulator by interventional trainees (n = 24). Performance measures were the: navigation accuracy, wire
control stability, procedure time and the description of realism by the user.
Findings: The model enhanced the anatomical understanding of the users and the quality of catheterization navigation as it reduced the
error of navigation by 25 percent and wire prolapse by 30 percent when compared to conventional simulation (p < 0.05). The MR system
scored significantly higher on realism ratings (4.6 4.6 vs.3.3 on a 5-item scale, p < 0.001). Noted dynamic hemodynamic feedback was
found to improve procedural decision-making, noted by the participants.
Discussion: This patient-centered digital-physical twin offers an immersive, physiologically responsive learning environment to simulate
PCI training, thus being able to achieve better performance and anatomy understanding than traditional simulators. MR approach is an
accelerating development of individualized interventional education.
