CORRELATION BETWEEN CARIES IN PRIMARY SECOND MOLAR AND PERMANENT MOLARS. A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY

Abstract

Dental caries is one of the most common chronic diseases affecting children and has significant implications for both primary and permanent dentition. Primary second molars play a crucial role in maintaining arch length, guiding the eruption of permanent molars, and preserving overall occlusal harmony. The presence of caries in these primary teeth may influence the oral environment and increase the risk of caries development in adjacent permanent molars. The present retrospective study aimed to evaluate the correlation between dental caries in primary second molars and the occurrence of caries in corresponding permanent molars. Patient records meeting the inclusion criteria were retrieved and analyzed over a specified study period. Data collected included demographic details, oral hygiene practices, socioeconomic indicators, and the presence of caries in primary second molars along with the subsequent development of caries in permanent molars. Statistical analysis was performed using appropriate tests, including chi-square analysis and logistic regression, to assess the association between variables, with significance set at p < 0.05. The results demonstrated a higher prevalence of caries in permanent first molars among children who had caries in their primary second molars compared to those without primary molar caries. A positive correlation was observed between caries in primary second molars and the occurrence of caries in permanent molars, suggesting that primary molar caries may act as a predictor for future caries development in permanent dentition. These findings highlight the importance of early detection and management of caries in primary teeth. Preventive strategies such as fluoride application, fissure sealants, improved oral hygiene practices, and regular dental check-ups may help reduce the risk of caries progression to permanent molars and improve long-term oral health outcomes in children.